High-pressure filter-press



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

.J. JOHNSON.

HIGH PRESSURE FILTER PRESS. No. 270,807. Patented .188.816.1888

a o o Eff L WITNBSSES: c INVENTGR ATTORNEY N. PETERS. Pmlo-nmogmmr. wnhington. D. C.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. JOHNSON.

HIGH EEESSUE'E FILTER PEESS.

No. 270,807. Patented Ja1'1.16,l883.

i Z k 5 Z c '7 e e a l V 0 WITNESSES: INVENTOE BY #WQ/@M ATTORNEY N. PLTEI... Pho-.S '.-cmgmpun wnhingwn. D t;

UNITED STATES ,PATENT Finca.

HIGH-PRESSURE FILTER-PRESS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,807, dated January 16, 1883. Application filed October 24, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Bc it known that I, JOHN JOHNSON, a citizen of Great Britain, and residing at Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented new and usef'nllmprovements in High Pressure Filter Presses, of which the following is a specitjcation.

The object of my invention is to combine the principles of the iilterpress and hydraulic press in one machine for the complete separation of solid from liquid matters, and in which to obviate the defects and supply the deficiencies of the ordinary lter-presses.

It has been found that when lter-pressing some materials, when it was desired to obtain a hard and comparatively dry cake, it was not practicable to prolong the operation of forcing such materials into the lter-press until the cakes were formed hard to the center, as the continued addition of the liquids forced in tended to prevent their solidit'ying within a reasonable period, especially if the substance treated was of a greasy, gummy, or glutinous nature. l have therefore contrived a press in which, after lirst forcing in the liquids in the nsual'way, I subject the partially-formed cakes to further hydraulic pressure by contractile cells, the side walls ot which are made to be pressed in by pressure applied to each cell independently and alike, instead ofthe telescopic or other contrivan'ce in which the pressure is transmitted from one cell to another, whereby a considerable economy of friction is effected and the cakes are pressed more uniformly.

lFor applying the hydraulic pressure I propose to employ either expansible sacks placed between the walls ofadjaccnt cells, and made to expand by water or other fluid forced into them, or an alternate arrangement of the cells,

whereby the liquid to be filter-pressed may beutilized to apply the power, as hereinafter described, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation ot' a filter-press of the kind to which my improvements apply,

. the same heilig for filtering liquids and pressing by high pressure the residuum collected in its tilteringchambers. Fig. 2 is a transverse section of the press and a side elevation ot' one of the cell-plates of which the chambers are formed. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of a portion of a press constructed according to the arrangement which'lpropose for applying the pressure Ato the partially-formed cakes in alternate cells by the liquid forced into the other cells to be filter-pressed, the section being taken on the line 'v c of Fig. 2. Fig. lis a vertical section of Fig. l on line a: m. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of Fig. 2 on line zz. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section of Fig. 2 on liney 11. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of aporvtion of'a press contrived for the use of the flexible bags to apply the hydraulic pressure. Fig. 8 is a partial transverse section of the press of Fig. 7, and Fig. 9 is a detail of the press in side elevation. v

The body ofthe press is made ot' a series of sections, a, in which cells b are formed, in which to filter-press the liquid substances, which has commonly been done by forcing the liquid into them by a pump connected to the pipe c, connecting` with the passages d, lined with bushings m, forming communication with the respective cells, the operation being concape'of the filtrate through passages e, the rcL siduum collects on the cloth linings f of the cells and forms dense cakes, the sections ct being firmly clamped together between the-heads g and h by a clamp-screw, t', which., being slackened up, allows of the sections of the press being taken apart for the removal of the cakes.

The lilter-plates as heretofore constructed in the older well-known form of filter-press have heen made with central corrugated disks formed solid with the exterior frames, butI propose to makethedisksor lilteringplatesj, which support the cloth or iiltering mediumf, separate from the frame, and tit them to slide forward and backward in the said frames to enable a high pressure to be applied exteriorly to the cells b, containing the partially-formed cakes produced by forcing the liquid directly into them, and in some cases 1 employ iiexible sacks k, arranged between the disksj or walls ofthe cells, having suitable connections, l, for coupling to a hydraulic or pneumatic pump, to be expanded thereby with great power and force the walls of the cells or disks 7' in opposite directions upon the cakes, thus pressing out all the. liquid portion and obtaining comparatively dry cakes-a result that has been found impracticable with the ordinary tilterpress,where the continued addition oftheliquid tinued under great pressure until, by the es' ICO material tended to prevent the rapid solidification of the cakes. Each of the filtering-plates is coveredwith cloth f, as in the ordinary filterpress, completely covering them, the cloths having holes cut in them at the point of inlet to each chamber to allow the bush m to pass through it, the bush having a tlan ged head and nut it, which clip the cloths firmly at 0 round the inlet-hole, to prevent thematerial from passing to the back of the cloth uniiltered. The sections or frames are truly surfaced at their rims q, Fig. 3, so that when brought together in the press-frame and clamped tightly between the stationary head g, Fig. 1, and the follower it by the screw i, the filter-cloths f, passing through the joints, pack said joints, and also form the cloth lining of the chambers b. I propose to so modify the press that this method of applying the pressure exteriorl y to the chambers can be carried out without the use of the iiexibie bags, and so that the chambers occupied by them may also be used for filter-pressing, and also sothat the pressure irst employed in forcing the material to be pressed into the chambers may be utilized for the secondary operation of exterior pressure upon chambers adjoining those into which the material is being pressed. To this end I arrange the press, as represented in Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, and G,with filtering-chambers only, dispensing with the fiexible bags, and connecting the chambers in two series with independent branches c and c2 of the supply and distributing pipes c, the chambers ot' each series being alternately arranged with the chambers of the other series. By this arrangement the mattersto be filterpressed, being forced into one series of chambers, will press the walls of the other chambers together by the same pressure that it is sub- 40 ject to, thus applying exterior pressure to the matters therein after the supply has been shut off therefrom by cock c3.

The manner in which the pressing is carried out is as follows: Having the press clothed and screwed up tightly, as above described, the liquid material containing the solid matter to be pressed is pumped, under pressure, through the inlet-pipe c, Fig. 1, and is distributed to the filtering-chambers b by passing through the connecting-channels d or bushes fm. The filtrate is forced through lthe cloth, and runs in the grooves t u, by which it is conducted to the exit-passage E, the solid portion accumulating in the chambers. The operator continues to force in the material until. the residuum collected on the surfaces of the cloths in the chambers b becomes so dense and the filtrate runs away so slowly that it becomes impracticable to pursue it further in this way. At this stage of the operation my improvements are brought into action as follows: Vhen 4the flexible bags are used the inletcock c3 to the filtering-cells is closed, and a hydraulic, pneumatic, or other pressure is then appliedinternallytotheiiexiblebags k, through connection l, to expand and force the movabledisks j in opposite directions, to contract the cells and still further compress the cakes, and when the arrangement of alternate cells, Figs. 2 to 6, is used, the material to be pressed is forced into one series of cells until the accumulation of residuum on the cloths obstructs the escape of the filtrate. The ow of liquid under operation is then shut off from the first series ot' chambers in connection with the inletpipe c', Fig. 6, by the cock c3, which is a threeway device, and directs the fiow of liquid into the second series of adjoining empty chambers, where it exerts its pressure against the side walls or movable disks j, forcing them apart, and thus compressing the residuum collected in the first series. The liquid pressed therefrom passes awa-y through the cloth into the grooves, on the filtering-disks j, and passes away to the filtrate-exit E. The material continues to liow into the second lseries of cells until the accumulated residuum obstructs the tiow of filtrate, as before. material is then shut off from this series and allowed to enter the iirst series of cells again, which now contain a dry pressed cake of residuum. The pressure of the liquid matter entering forces the filtering-disks away from the cake, the cloths part from the hard cake clean and in the best condition possible to receive the liquid now running into the-chamber to be filtered. This operation of changing from one series ot' alternate chambers to the other is continued until the press is filled. The press is then opened by running back the screw fi. The sectionsa., forming the chambers, are then separated in the press-frame and the residuum removed in hard dry cakes.

This tilterpress can be manipulated the sameas the ordinary filter-press, it having all the advantages thereof, besides that of applying the pressure to the outsides of the clothlined cells. For instance, the adjustment of the cloths being the same, the blank or dummy plate y, Fig. 7, can be used to cut oi' any number ot' the filtering-chambers when working on small quantities of material.

l consider it an important improvement in 4presses of this character to apply the power to the several filtering-cells separately, thereby causing a balance or equilibrium of pressure, each chamber supporting its neighbor and overcoming the great amount offriction caused by transmitting vthe'pressure from end of the press through the several chambers to the other end ot' the press. By the direct method which I propose the exterior portion of the filtering-cells is stationary during the whole operation, thus avoiding any damage to the cloths.

Having. thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. A iilter-press consisting of a series of contractile cells or chambers constructed for the application ot' pressure to the exterior side walls', and thus decreasing the depth of said The How ot' liquidv IOO IIS

chambers, the arrangement being such that the pressure is applied' directly and alike to each chamber, substantially as and for the purl pose described.

2. The sections forming the cells or chambers of a filter-press, having the walls of the cells or chambers which -support the cloths made movable in opposite directions by exerting ahydraulic, pneumatic, or other suitable pressure between the chambers for the purpose of decreasing the depth of the filteringcells at will, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The combination ot' a flexible bag with' the chambers of a filter-press to be expanded by theinternal application of hydraulic, pneumatic, or other suitable pressure for applying the pressure to said chamber, substantially as and for the purpose described.

JOHN JOHNSON.

Witnesses:

W. J. MoRGAN, A. P. THAYER. 

